It is also one of the largest brick Gothic buildings in Europe. The basilica is a prime example of brick architecture and the largest church in the world expressed in this material. The refined quality of the architecture is matched by intricate net-and-crystal ceiling vaults, elevated to 98 feet (30 m) above the stone flooring by 27 columns. The most conspicuous window is positioned on the east elevation and covers an area of 1,367 square feet (416 sq m). The internal location of buttresses breaks up the basilica’s long elevations into a row of flanking chapels the resulting smooth wall surfaces on the external facades are punctuated by the regular pattern of the 37 stained-glass windows. It provides a good balance to the heavy, horizontal mass of the nave, capable of accommodating a 20,000-strong congregation. The verticality is emphasized by a 269-feet-tall (82 m) bell tower, seven steeply pointed pinnacles, and pointed arch windows. Mary is built on a Latin cross plan with a 346-feet-long (105 m) triple-aisled nave and 217-feet-wide (66 m) transept. Erection of external walls and internal vaulting completed the third phase of the project in 1502. Between 13 a major extension was constructed, including the transept, presbytery, and raised bell tower. The first phase, completed in 1361, produced a modest structure subsequently incorporated into the west part of the basilica proper. In 1343, after permission was granted by the Grand Master of the Teutonic Order Ludolf Konig of Wattzau, a foundation stone was laid to commence the 159-year construction of a new parish church in Gdańsk.
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